⚡ Proposal — not yet law: The government has proposed extending ILR to 10 years ("earned settlement") for most routes, but this remains under consultation and the current qualifying period is still 5 years.  Full details →

Settling in the UK — ILR and the Path to British Citizenship

The Skilled Worker visa can lead to permanent settlement in the UK. Here is what you need to know about Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) and the route to British citizenship — including the "earned settlement" reform the government has proposed but not yet implemented.

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Current rule: ILR qualifying period is 5 years

For the Skilled Worker route today, the standard qualifying period for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) remains 5 continuous years. In May 2025, the government's immigration white paper proposed moving most routes to a 10-year "earned settlement" model (with the possibility of qualifying sooner through a points-based contribution system). A consultation on this proposal closed in February 2026, but as of June 2026 it has not been laid as a formal Statement of Changes to the Immigration Rules and is not in force. We will update this page as soon as any change is confirmed.

What is Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)?

Indefinite Leave to Remain — often called "settlement" or "permanent residence" — means you have the right to live and work in the UK permanently without any visa conditions. Once you have ILR, you are no longer subject to immigration controls and can stay in the UK indefinitely.

ILR is not a citizenship, but it is an important step towards it. After holding ILR for a qualifying period, you may be eligible to apply for British citizenship through naturalisation.

How Long Do You Need to Wait?

SituationQualifying period
Skilled Worker visa holders (current rule, June 2026)5 continuous years
If the proposed "earned settlement" reform comes into forceLikely 10 years for most routes, with an unconfirmed faster route via a points-based contribution system — not yet decided or in force
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Watch this space — transitional protection is still undecided

If the 10-year proposal is eventually brought into force, the government has not yet confirmed whether people already on the Skilled Worker route at that point would be protected at the current 5-year qualifying period, or moved onto the new timeline. Nothing has been decided, so do not make plans on the assumption either way. We will update this page the moment a formal Statement of Changes is laid before Parliament.

Requirements for ILR

To qualify for ILR on the Skilled Worker route, you must meet all of the following:

  • Continuous lawful residence — you must have spent the required number of years continuously in the UK on a Skilled Worker visa (or a combination of qualifying routes)
  • Absence limit — you must not have been absent from the UK for more than 180 days in any 12-month period during the qualifying period
  • Still sponsored — you must still be employed by a licensed sponsor in an eligible role at the time of your application
  • Salary requirements — your salary must meet the current thresholds at the time of application
  • Life in the UK test — you must pass this multiple-choice test on British history, culture and values
  • English language — you must demonstrate English at B1 level or above (many Skilled Worker holders already meet this)
  • No serious criminal record — subject to character requirements

The 180-day absence rule — what counts?

You can be outside the UK for up to 180 days in any rolling 12-month period during your qualifying period without affecting your ILR eligibility. Exceeding 180 days in any 12-month window will restart the qualifying clock. Keep records of all your travel — flights, boarding passes, passport stamps.

ILR Application Fee

ApplicationFee (2026)
ILR (Indefinite Leave to Remain) — main applicant£3,226
ILR — dependant (per person)£3,226

ILR applicants do not pay the Immigration Health Surcharge — once you have ILR you have full access to the NHS as a permanent resident.

British Citizenship After ILR

Once you have held ILR for 12 months, you may be eligible to apply for British citizenship by naturalisation, provided you meet the requirements:

  • Held ILR for at least 12 months
  • Been in the UK for at least 5 years immediately before the application (with no more than 450 days absent in total, and no more than 90 days absent in the final year)
  • Of good character
  • Passed the Life in the UK test
  • English language at B1 level or above

If you are married to a British citizen, you may be able to apply for naturalisation after just 3 years of residence in the UK with ILR (subject to the same absence limits).

Life in the UK Test

Both ILR and naturalisation applications require you to pass the Life in the UK test — a 24-question multiple-choice test covering British history, law, government, values and culture. The test costs £50 and is taken at a test centre. You must score at least 18 out of 24 to pass.

Official study materials are available from the Home Office. Many applicants use the official handbook to prepare.